摘要
目的 探讨荞麦玉米丸纳米制剂对骨质疏松模型大鼠骨密度、骨微结构及骨代谢指标的改善作用。方法 采用双侧睾丸切除联合维生素A酸灌胃构建大鼠骨质疏松模型。将造模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组和给药组，并设正常对照组。给药组灌胃荞麦玉米丸纳米制剂（12 mg/kg，每日3次）干预75天。干预结束后，通过Micro-CT检测股骨骨矿物质密度（BMD）、组织骨密度（TMD）、骨小梁数量（Tb.N）、厚度（Tb.Th）、分离度（Tb.Sp）及结构模型指数（SMI）；采用ELISA法检测血清骨碱性磷酸酶（BALP）和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b（TRACP-5b）水平。结果 与模型组相比，给药组大鼠的股骨BMD、TMD、Tb.N和Tb.Th均显著升高（P<0.05或P<0.01），Tb.Sp和SMI显著降低（P<0.01）。血清骨形成标志物BALP与骨吸收标志物TRACP-5b水平亦显著恢复（P<0.01），接近正常对照组水平。结论 荞麦玉米丸纳米制剂能有效改善骨质疏松大鼠的骨密度与骨微结构，其作用机制可能与调节骨形成和骨吸收平衡有关，具有良好的开发应用前景。
关键词： 中药复方纳米制剂；荞麦玉米丸；骨质疏松；动物实验
Abstract
Objective To investigate the ameliorative effects of a Buckwheat and Corn nano-preparation on bone mineral density (BMD), bone microstructure, and bone metabolism indices in a rat model of osteoporosis. Methods An osteoporosis model was established in rats using bilateral orchidectomy combined with vitamin A acid gavage. Successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into a model group and a treatment group, with a normal control group also established. The treatment group was administered the Buckwheat and Corn nano-preparation (12 mg/kg, three times daily) via gavage for 75 days. After the intervention, femoral BMD, tissue mineral density (TMD), trabecular bone number (Tb.N), thickness (Tb.Th), separation (Tb.Sp), and structure model index (SMI) were measured using Micro-CT. Serum levels of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b) were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with the model group, the treatment group showed significantly increased femoral BMD, TMD, Tb.N, and Tb.Th (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and significantly decreased Tb.Sp and SMI (P < 0.01). Serum levels of the bone formation marker BALP and the bone resorption marker TRACP-5b were also significantly restored (P < 0.01), approaching levels observed in the normal control group. Conclusion The Buckwheat and Corn nano-preparation can effectively improve bone density and microstructure in osteoporotic rats. Its mechanism of action is likely associated with regulating the balance between bone formation and bone resorption, demonstrating good potential for development and application.
Key words： Traditional Chinese medicine compound nanopreparation; Buckwheat and corn pills; Osteoporosis; Animal experimentation
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